Make sure the adhesive is for exterior use. If it's for interior construction, it may not stand up to wet weather.

They make special adhesive for assembling concrete blocks. I've seen it used instead of mortar in small jobs where it would not pay to mix up any size batch of mortar (and no mason was present).

I'd use epoxy or something specialised.

Use JB Weld - it's an acrylic epoxy ( cleans up with water and very strong).

Never before have heard some of the above reported "facts" about JB Weld.
The color is from metal powder added as a cheaper filler. But it does not detract from the strength or bonding power. And when cured, it often blends with concrete color rather well.
For greatest strength with epoxies, use the slow curing variety. The additives used for fast curing decrease the strength.

I am a big fan of JB weld, and the colour would kind of work with concrete.

"The additives used for fast curing decrease the strength. "

And in most cases the water resistance.