I dont know much about home audio, but we got a whole house audio sytem as a package with everything we needed (including wire) for a good price online from dayton audio. It was called an audio matrix. I think it can have up to 6 inputs, and has keypads in each room and ceiling speakers. then we use a different system for home theater.

Just a few suggestions and a comment or two. We are running a lot of cat 6 drops through our new house, cat 5 and 6 have become the standard for a lot of signal distribution throughout the house. I am not a fan of whole house audio systems so I really can't really help you with the distribution. I actually do prefer Sonos type systems for that. I have a theater with good theater sound quality, and I have a music room that is a personal retreat. Other than that the rest of the house is about convenience not quality.

Things I can say:

14 gauge is a bit small for whole house audio, I would personally upgrade to the 12 gauge. In long runs with 14 gauge you are going to have some signal degredation. Maybe not a big deal but still a little more money goes a long way. I got the wiring for my home theater from Monoprice and it has been great. Got interconnects and other wires from Blue Jeans Cable. Both are very reasonably priced.

Surround sound would be wasted in a bedroom, kitchen, dining room, bathroom, etc... Surround sound is about positioning the speakers relative to the listener. In most of those rooms, you are not going to have a set listening position (well other than the bathroom but that might lead to other issues.) You will end up getting bad sound in more places than you have good sound, and you will have terrible staging for music.

Powered speakers are generally not as nice as the nonpowered speakers but then you don't have to bother with amping a whole house. Which if you are looking at good quality products can cost an arm and a leg.