These are ALAs, not omega-3s. it takes enormous amounts of ALAs to produce any omega-3s and then it doesn't produce the best ratios of DHA or EPA. If they did, I'd stop eating salmon or taking fish oil. There's a great chart of it I found in a vegan book. Forgot the name of the book, but it was by two female vegan nutrionists with degrees.

As it turns out, Dr. Keys visited Crete during an unrepresentative period of extreme hardship after World War II. Furthermore, he made the mistake of measuring the islanders' diet partly during Lent, when they were forgoing meat and cheese. Dr. Keys therefore under counted their consumption of saturated fat. Also, due to problems with the surveys, he ended up relying on data from just a few dozen men-"far from the representative sample of 655 that he had initially selected. These flaws weren't revealed until much later, in a 2002 paper by scientists investigating the work on Crete-"but by then, the miss impression left by his erroneous data had become international dogma. In 1961, Dr. Keys sealed saturated fat's fate by landing a position on the nutrition committee of the American Heart Association, whose dietary guidelines are considered the gold standard. Although the committee had originally been skeptical of his hypothesis, it issued, in that year, the country's first-ever guidelines targeting saturated fats. The U.S. Department of Agriculture followed in 1980. Other studies ensued. A half-dozen large, important trials pitted a diet high in vegetable oil -"usually corn or soybean, but not olive oil -"against one with more animal fats. But these trials, mainly from the 1970s, also had serious methodological problems. Some didn't control for smoking, for instance, or allowed men to wander in and out of the research group over the course of the experiment. The results were unreliable at best. But there was no turning back: Too much institutional energy and research money had already been spent trying to prove Dr. Keys's hypothesis. A bias in its favor had grown so strong that the idea just started to seem like common sense. As Harvard nutrition professor Mark Hegsted said in 1977, after successfully persuading the U.S. Senate to recommend Dr. Keys's diet for the entire nation, the question wasn't whether Americans should change their diets, but why not? Important benefits could be expected, he argued. And the risks? "None can be identified," he said. In fact, even back then, other scientists were warning about the diet's potential unintended consequences. Today, we are dealing with the reality that these have come to pass. One consequence is that in cutting back on fats, we are now eating a lot more carbohydrates--"at least 25% more since the early 1970s. Consumption of saturated fat, meanwhile, has dropped by 11%, according to the best available government data. Translation: Instead of meat, eggs and cheese, we're eating more pasta, grains, fruit and starchy vegetables such as potatoes. Even seemingly healthy low-fat foods, such as yogurt, are stealth carb-delivery systems, since removing the fat often requires the addition of fillers to make up for lost texture- and these are usually carbohydrate-based. The problem is that carbohydrates break down into glucose, which causes the body to release insulin-"a hormone that is fantastically efficient at storing fat. Meanwhile, fructose, the main sugar in fruit, causes the liver to generate triglycerides and other lipids in the blood that are altogether bad news. Excessive carbohydrates lead not only to obesity but also, over time, to Type 2 diabetes and, very likely, heart disease. The real surprise is that, according to the best science to date, people put themselves at higher risk for these conditions no matter what kind of carbohydrates they eat. Yes, even unrefined carbs. Too much whole-grain oatmeal for breakfast and whole-grain pasta for dinner, with fruit snacks in between, add up to a less healthy diet than one of eggs and bacon, followed by fish. The reality is that fat doesn't make you fat or diabetic. Scientific investigations going back to the 1950s suggest that actually, carbs do. The second big unintended consequence of our shift away from animal fats is that we're now consuming more vegetable oils. Butter and lard had long been staples of the American pantry until Crisco, introduced in 1911, became the first vegetable-based fat to win wide acceptance in U.S. kitchens. Then came margarines made from vegetable oil and then just plain vegetable oil in bottles. All of these got a boost from the American Heart Association-"which Procter & Gamble, the maker of Crisco oil, coincidentally helped launch as a national organization. In 1948, P&G made the AHA the beneficiary of the popular "Walking Man" radio contest, which the company sponsored. The show raised $1.7 million for the group and transformed it (according to the AHA's official history) from a small, underfunded professional society into the powerhouse that it remains today. After the AHA advised the public to eat less saturated fat and switch to vegetable oils for a "healthy heart" in 1961, Americans changed their diets. Now these oils represent 7% to 8% of all calories in our diet, up from nearly zero in 1900, the biggest increase in consumption of any type of food over the past century. This shift seemed like a good idea at the time, but it brought many potential health problems in its wake. In those early clinical trials, people on diets high in vegetable oil were found to suffer higher rates not only of cancer but also of gallstones. And, strikingly, they were more likely to die from violent accidents and suicides. Alarmed by these findings, the National Institutes of Health convened researchers several times in the early 1980s to try to explain these "side effects," but they couldn't. (Experts now speculate that certain psychological problems might be related to changes in brain chemistry caused by diet, such as fatty-acid imbalances or the depletion of cholesterol.) We've also known since the 1940s that when heated, vegetable oils create oxidation products that, in experiments on animals, lead to cirrhosis of the liver and early death. For these reasons, some mid century chemists warned against the consumption of these oils, but their concerns were allayed by a chemical fix: Oils could be rendered more stable through a process called hydrogenation, which used a catalyst to turn them from oils into solids. From the 1950s on, these hardened oils became the backbone of the entire food industry, used in cakes, cookies, chips, breads, frostings, fillings, and frozen and fried food. Unfortunately, hydrogenation also produced trans fats, which since the 1970s have been suspected of interfering with basic cellular functioning and were recently condemned by the Food and Drug Administration for their ability to raise our levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol. Yet paradoxically, the drive to get rid of trans fats has led some restaurants and food manufacturers to return to using regular liquid oils-"with the same long-standing oxidation problems. These dangers are especially acute in restaurant fryers, where the oils are heated to high temperatures over long periods. The past decade of research on these oxidation products has produced a sizable body of evidence showing their dramatic inflammatory and oxidative effects, which implicates them in heart disease and other illnesses such as Alzheimer's. Other newly discovered potential toxins in vegetable oils, called monochloropropane diols and glycidol esters, are now causing concern among health authorities in Europe. In short, the track record of vegetable oils is highly worrisome-"and not remotely what Americans bargained for when they gave up butter and lard. Cutting back on saturated fat has had especially harmful consequences for women, who, due to hormonal differences, contract heart disease later in life and in a way that is distinct from men. If anything, high total cholesterol levels in women over 50 were found early on to be associated with longer life. This counterintuitive result was first discovered by the famous Framingham study on heart-disease risk factors in 1971 and has since been confirmed by other research. Since women under 50 rarely get heart disease, the implication is that women of all ages have been worrying about their cholesterol levels needlessly. Yet the Framingham study's findings on women were omitted from the study's conclusions. And less than a decade later, government health officials pushed their advice about fat and cholesterol on all Americans over age 2-"based exclusively on data from middle-aged men. Sticking to these guidelines has meant ignoring growing evidence that women on diets low in saturated fat actually increase their risk of having a heart attack. The "good" HDL cholesterol drops precipitously for women on this diet (it drops for men too, but less so). The sad irony is that women have been especially rigorous about ramping up on their fruits, vegetables and grains, but they now suffer from higher obesity rates than men, and their death rates from heart disease have reached parity. Seeing the U.S. population grow sicker and fatter while adhering to official dietary guidelines has put nutrition authorities in an awkward position. Recently, the response of many researchers has been to blame "Big Food" for bombarding Americans with sugar-laden products. No doubt these are bad for us, but it is also fair to say that the food industry has simply been responding to the dietary guidelines issued by the AHA and USDA, which have encouraged high-carbohydrate diets and until quite recently said next to nothing about the need to limit sugar. Indeed, up until 1999, the AHA was still advising Americans to reach for "soft drinks," and in 2001, the group was still recommending snacks of "gum-drops" and "hard candies made primarily with sugar" to avoid fatty foods. Our half-century effort to cut back on the consumption of meat, eggs and whole-fat dairy has a tragic quality. More than a billion dollars have been spent trying to prove Ancel Keys's hypothesis, but evidence of its benefits has never been produced. It is time to put the saturated-fat hypothesis to bed and to move on to test other possible culprits for our nation's health woes.

For years I've had issues with joint pain and stiffness, and "gelling" especially after I've been sitting for a period of time....I was to many doctors including 2 rheumatologists...no diagnosis and only dangerous drugs like steroids seemed to help. (Celebrex in combo with my thyroid meds put me into kidney failure! Thank you very much!) So the only thing I've found that helps me is High Lignan Flax Seed Oil .... I get Barlean's. It must be bought and kept refrigerated. DH and I each take 1 Tbls per day and it really helps. The Lignan is the brown stuff in the bottle that has to be stirred up...if I don't get that, it doesn't help. If I skip it for a few days, the aches and stiffness start to return. There are "essential fatty acids" needed in the diet...essential in that our bodies can't make them from anything and they must be consumed. Flax oil and fish oil contain different kinds of fatty acids and both are important. So for best health, take both. For best health, get a balance of fats including saturated fats. Problem is, the typical American diet is very high in saturated fats and low in the others, so out of balance. I've not heard of taking omega-3 to lower cholesterol. Rather my understanding is to replace saturated fats with poly and mono unsaturated fats including omega-3s may help lower bad cholesterol as you are reducing the total intake of saturated fats. But to just add it to the same diet won't be helpful. My total cholesterol is high, but it's because my HDL is high. My triglycerides are low. All good. But my LDL is also high. But I don't know what that means as there are good LDL and bad LDL and the basic blood test doesn't separate between them. I talked to Doc about it and the next lipid panel I get will be separating those out for me so we have a better understanding of how bad my LDL really is.

jasdip - There's an old saying - do all things in moderation... ;-) Healthy people aren't generally affected by an occasional use of so-called "bad" foods or a "harmful" preparation method. I never give it a thought to consume charcoal grilled meats a few times a year, but I might want to be concerned about toxic carcinogens associated with grilling if we consumed grilled meat 5 days a week.... I got out of the habit of using olive oil for cooking/baking - anything where it is heated - years ago and use coconut oil instead. But I use olive oil for making dressing. Coconut oil doesn't make a great source for oil in salad dressings because it gets hard at cool room temperatures (melts around 77-degrees F.), but in the winter it's really hard in my cold kitchen. I just read this statistic while doing research about chia seeds and diabetes for a diabetic friend of mine. One ounce of chia seeds (just over 2-3/4 tablespoons - which is a LOT to consume) has 4,915 mg. omega-3. I easily sprinkle 1/2 to 1 t. at a time onto a variety of foods throughout the day. I add chia seeds to all our breads - it helps keep bread fresher longer. I make up a batch of chia gel (chia seeds and water) and keep it in the refrigerator. I'll add it to water I drink when going out on these hot days to help keep me hydrated, and for drinking during outdoor activities. -Grainlady